Methodology of Natural Sciences 6.1-MNP-P
A. Lecture: basics of the theory of cognition; dispute over universals; argumentative order in science (interpretation, justification, recognition); structure and functions of science; types of questions; explaining; science as a modeling activity of reality; theories of science development; theory structure and methodological connections in biology.
B. Conversatory: basic rules of formal logic; the question of truth; scientific discussion
Type of course
Course coordinators
Learning outcomes
Knowledge
K_W01_ recognizes research problems from the borderline of biological sciences _P7S_WG
K_W02_ interprets the complexity of processes and phenomena in nature, the solution of which requires an interdisciplinary approach _P7S_WG
K_W13_ indicates the most important trends in the development of biological sciences in the field of the specialty of the selected study _P7S_WG
K_W16_ explains the consequences of differences in the reductionist and holistic approach in the methodology of biological research _P7S_WG
Skills
K_U03_ explains the consequences of differences in the reductionist and holistic approach in the methodology of biological research _P7S_UW
K_U07_ critically confronts biological information from various sources and draws justified conclusions on this basis _P7S_UW
Social competencies
K_K02_ consistently applies and disseminates the principle of strict, based on empirical data, interpretation of biological phenomena and processes in research work and practical activities _P7S_KK
K_K04_ recognized sources of scientific information and using the principles of critical reasoning in resolving practical problems _P7S_KK
Assessment criteria
A. Way of final evaluation:
• L: pass with the grade
• FW: pass with the grade
B. Form of testing:
• L: solving of the given problems (short presentations)
• C: final evaluation based on the grades from the component grades
C. Basic criteria
• L: correct solution of minimum 50% of given probelms
• C: correctly prepared reports
Bibliography
Literature
A. obligatory literature:
A.1. used during lectures and laboratory sessions
1. Kuhn, T.S., 1962: The structure of scientific revolutions. Univ. Chicago Press, 172p. [Struktura rewolucji naukowych, tł. Helena Ostromęcka, wyd. I: Warszawa 1968, PWN, ss. 206; wyd II: 2001, Wyd. Fundacja Aletheia, ss. 368].
2. Popper, K., 1972: Objective Knowledge: An Evolutionary Approach. [Wiedza obiektywna: Ewolucyjna teoria epistemologiczna, Wyd. Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2002, ss. 512].
A.2. lectures for self-study
1. Descarte R.: Methodic doubt.
2. Schopenhauer, A.: Eristic Dialectic: The Art of Winning an Argument
B. additional literature
Scientific papers recommended by the lecturer
Additional information
Additional information (registration calendar, class conductors, localization and schedules of classes), might be available in the USOSweb system: